A Functional Medicine Approach to Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Jennifer Engels, MD

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, but it is also one of the most preventable. While conventional medicine focuses on early detection through screening, Functional Medicine takes a proactive approach by addressing the root causes of disease before it develops. By optimizing gut health, reducing inflammation, and making key lifestyle changes, we can significantly lower the risk of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal Cancer - 2025

To better understand the threat posed by colorectal cancer, keep these statistics from the American Cancer Society and the Colorectal Cancer Alliance in mind: 

• New cases: About 154,270 people in the U.S. are expected to be diagnosed with colorectal cancer in 2025.

• Deaths: Approximately 52,900 people are projected to die from colorectal cancer in 2025.

• Prevalence: Colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the U.S. among men and women combined.

• Lifetime risk: About 1 in 24 people (or approximately 4%) will be diagnosed with colorectal cancer in their lifetime.

• Gender differences: Colorectal cancer is more common in men than in women. The incidence rate is about 33% higher in men (41.5 per 100,000) compared to women (31.2 per 100,000).

• Age distribution: The average age of diagnosis is 66 years old. However, about 10% of cases are diagnosed in people under 50, and this number is rising.
• Survivors: There are more than 1.5 million colorectal cancer survivors in the U.S.

It's important to note that while colorectal cancer rates have generally decreased in older adults due to increased screening, there's been a concerning rise in cases among younger adults in recent years.

Understanding Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer begins in the colon or rectum and often develops from precancerous polyps that grow over time. Common risk factors include:

• Poor diet (low fiber, high processed foods)
• Chronic inflammation and gut dysbiosis
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Obesity and insulin resistance
• High toxin exposure
• Family history of colorectal cancer

Symptoms may include changes in bowel habits, blood in the stool, unexplained weight loss, and persistent abdominal discomfort. However, many cases remain asymptomatic in the early stages, making prevention and screening essential.

Root Causes and Functional Medicine’s Preventive Approach

Functional Medicine views colorectal cancer not as an isolated disease but as the result of systemic imbalances. By identifying and addressing these imbalances, we can create a powerful strategy for prevention.

Gut Microbiome and Inflammation

A healthy gut microbiome is essential for immune function and inflammation control. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance of gut bacteria, has been linked to increased colorectal cancer risk. Even abnormal oral bacteria has been linked to colorectal cancer. Restoring gut health through probiotics, fiber-rich foods, and fermented foods can reduce inflammation and support digestive health.

Diet and Nutrition

The Standard American Diet (SAD), high in processed foods and low in fiber, contributes to poor gut health and systemic inflammation. A diet rich in fiber from vegetables, fruits, and whole grains supports healthy digestion and the elimination of toxins. Cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and Brussels sprouts contain compounds that help detoxify harmful substances linked to cancer development.

In addition to our low-fiber diets, alcohol consumption is also associated with an increased risk of cancer.

Toxin Exposure and Detoxification

Our modern environment exposes us to toxins through food, water, and personal care products. Supporting the body's natural detoxification pathways through liver-supporting foods (like leafy greens and beets), proper hydration, and functional testing for heavy metals, environmental toxins and chronic infections can help reduce cancer risk.

Blood Sugar and Insulin Resistance

Chronic high blood sugar and insulin resistance contribute to systemic inflammation and increased cancer risk. Maintaining balanced blood sugar through a low-glycemic diet, healthy fats, and regular exercise can help prevent metabolic dysfunction that fuels cancer growth.

Chronic Stress and Sleep

Stress and poor sleep weaken the immune system and increase inflammation, both of which are linked to higher cancer risk. Prioritizing stress reduction techniques such as mindfulness, deep breathing, and adequate sleep hygiene can improve overall health and lower disease risk.

Actionable Steps for Prevention

Preventing colorectal cancer requires a proactive approach. Key strategies include:

• Adopt a Fiber-Rich Diet: Aim for at least 25-30 grams of fiber daily from whole foods.
• Eliminate Processed Foods: Reduce sugar, refined carbohydrates, and unhealthy fats, and minimize alcohol consumption.
• Support Gut Health: Incorporate probiotics, prebiotics, and fermented foods.
• Maintain a Healthy Weight: Regular movement and mindful eating play a key role.
• Optimize Detoxification: Drink filtered water, eat liver-supportive foods, and limit exposure to environmental toxins.
• Prioritize Sleep & Stress Management: Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep and engage in stress-reducing practices.
• Get Regular Screenings: Colonoscopies and non-invasive stool tests such as the Cologuard home stool test help detect early warning signs.

Final Thoughts 

Colorectal cancer is largely preventable, and a proactive Functional Medicine approach can significantly reduce the risk. Rather than waiting for symptoms to appear, addressing root causes such as gut health, inflammation, and metabolic balance can lead to lasting wellness.

If you're ready to take control of your health and assess your risk factors, we invite you to schedule a Foundational Assessment at WeCare Frisco. We specialize in Functional Medicine approaches that empower you to prevent disease naturally. As we say, “For every issue, we have a plan.” So, contact us today and start your journey toward optimal health.